Reversion Persists as Releveraging Appears Finished

August 5, 2026 · 17:08 ET

Bank of America strategists say the mechanical selling in Nasdaq futures is finished, JPMorgan reported on August 4 that hedge funds have largely completed their reduction in semiconductor exposure, and with Goldman Sachs Prime Brokerage data showing global leverage already at the 93rd percentile of its five-year range, the rebuild has little room left to run either. The cross-section has not turned with them. Short-Term Momentum fell -0.77% today at z=-2.4, its 20-day reading is z=-4.0 — and because this factor re-sorts every week, a reading that persistent spans the cut and the rebound alike: each week's leaders have been handed back in turn, the churn of books being cut and rebuilt, not one trade still being sold.

Still Selling Last Week's Winners

The past week's winners keep handing it back. Short-Term Momentum — whether the prior week's multi-day movers keep going or give it back, with yesterday's move stripped out — fell another -0.77% today, a session in the bottom 2% for that factor since 2020, and the path is the point: -5.81% over the past twenty sessions, -8.36% over sixty, four of the past five down. Over the full sample, reversion at this horizon is weak enough to be statistically insignificant; it gets paid in conditions like those of the past month — and especially the past two weeks — which is what makes a 20-day z=-4.0 the most informative number on the page. The selling is ordered: the more a name had run over the prior week, the harder it was hit today. The shape of the week matters as much as the session, though — over the past five days the reversal has been carried mainly by the bid under last week's losers, whose gains run about three times the winners', the dip-buying half of releveraging churn; today the pressure flipped to the winners' side.

Bucket Return Profile — Short-Term Momentum z=-2.4
Every horizon slopes the same way, with a 20-day rank correlation of -0.96 and today's move at z=-2.4 — the highest-exposure names have been lagging for weeks, not just today.
Bucket Return Profile — Short-Term Momentum z=-2.4
BucketRet 1D PctRet 5D Norm PctRet 20D Norm PctRet 63D Norm Pct
10.303.741.731.42
2-0.283.271.692.00
30.092.671.601.33
40.392.532.022.32
50.671.571.101.02
60.041.561.061.25
7-0.161.531.431.58
8-0.151.341.331.59
9-0.260.940.991.51
100.080.870.591.06
11-0.120.720.270.92
12-0.290.800.571.38
13-0.641.310.560.88
14-0.590.910.301.29
15-1.630.690.461.07
16-1.120.71-0.110.77
17-1.160.640.150.49
18-1.021.35-0.42-0.43
19-2.471.05-0.690.52
20-1.251.00-1.18-0.57
FactorReturnZ-Score5d Z20d Z63d ZCategoryDirection
Short-Term Momentum-0.77%-2.35-4.11-4.00-3.39Style-MomentumLast week's winners gave back
Liquidity-0.57%-2.03+1.90-0.29-0.95StyleLowest-turnover names led
Gold+0.64%+1.97-0.19+0.49-0.95ThematicGold-exposed names led
Residual Volatility-0.89%-1.76+1.14-0.33-0.37Style-RiskMore volatile names lagged
One-Day Momentum-0.46%-1.61-1.20+0.31+1.57Style-MomentumYesterday's losers snapped back
Treasury (Duration)+0.50%+1.49-0.3+1.0+0.3ThematicLong-duration names led
Medium-Term Momentum+0.35%+1.19-0.3+0.1+0.9Style-Momentum20-day winners led
Short Interest-0.16%-0.94-2.07-0.94+1.06Style-PositioningMost-shorted names lagged

The published positioning numbers are the fuel here, not the counter-argument. Goldman Sachs Prime Brokerage data has global total leverage at the 93rd percentile of its five-year range even after late July's forced risk-cutting, and JPMorgan, reporting August 4, had quantitative equity funds as the most levered strategy at 450%, with global funds surrendering roughly three points of year-to-date gains in July's tech unwind. Books that full, cut and rebuilt in turns after a stress episode, are what keeps a reversal running — the churn itself keeps handing last week's winners back. Those figures describe books through the prior session at the latest; today's factor prints describe what the trade itself did. The top 50 high-beta momentum names fell -3.68% against -0.40% for the rest of the universe — a session in the weakest tenth since 2020 — while the broader ~190-name version of the same screen fell -0.95%. A run of this length across a documented de-grossing and re-grossing episode is indicative of hedge-fund deleveraging and releveraging churn, a claim about the pattern rather than about anyone's leverage today.

Our positioning lenses decline to name the seller. Hedge-Fund Ownership was flat on both the residualized reading (+0.05%, z=+0.4) and the raw one, so the hedge-fund-owned names were neither singled out nor spared. The top 50 are modestly less shorted than the universe and carry a retail-heavy tilt about one standard deviation above it on our habitual early-trading measure, and Short Interest at z=-0.9 shows the crowded short side still working — no squeeze in this. In yesterday's session those same names rose with volume running below the market's pace, which does not amount to evidence of a forceful re-levering.

Three of the day's other style movers are one position wearing different labels. Residual Volatility, Liquidity and One-Day Momentum all closed negative, and all three score the high-beta momentum names on the losing side of the sort. Medium-Term Momentum at z=+1.2 looks like the offset and is not: after July those names sit on the weak side of that window's basket, so a positive reading there is the same selling under another factor's name. Liquidity's internals say who is being trimmed — the lowest-turnover names outperformed the most heavily traded and most heavily optioned ones, with bitcoin-linked equities at the extreme (WGMI -4.77%).

Gold Takes the ADP Miss and the Hormuz Draft

ADP reported private payrolls up 44,000 in July against a 75,000 consensus, as CNBC reported. Iran and Oman reached agreement on a Strait of Hormuz shipping route and are in the final drafting of a joint statement, as Bloomberg reported, with President Trump signaling a deal could be announced as early as Wednesday, as Bloomberg reported. Spot gold rose +3.8% to $4,231.79 an ounce and silver +5.1%, with markets trimming the odds of a September Fed hike to 57%, as the NYT reported. Our Gold factor returned +0.64% at z=+2.0, in the top 1% of Gold sessions since 2020, and the miners did the carrying: AEM +10.32%, NEM +6.76%, GDX +7.48% on 2.5× its typical session volume, with Materials the strongest sector median stock at +2.52%.

The rate and currency legs were tiny by comparison. Every Treasury tenor fell, but the 10-year only 1.4 basis points, to 4.613%, as CNBC reported, and the dollar index eased -0.16% to 99.69, as CNBC reported. Gold moved far more than either, and it is still a bounce inside a three-month hole: GLD -9.78% and GDX -9.03% over the past 63 sessions. Energy took the other side of the Hormuz story, with EOG closing -6.32% after its results.

ETFThemeToday1d Ago5d Ago20d Ago63d Ago
GDXgold miners+7.48%+2.46%+5.00%+2.85%-9.03%
SLVsilver+4.15%+2.63%+4.14%-1.14%-18.35%
GLDgold+4.11%+0.66%+1.30%-0.88%-9.78%
SPYlarge cap-0.05%+1.80%+4.11%+3.16%+7.43%
MTUMmomentum factor-1.21%+3.83%+7.19%+0.29%+10.22%
XLEenergy-2.02%-0.46%+1.65%+7.10%-1.46%
IGVsoftware-2.50%+4.70%+11.14%+8.36%+15.33%
DRAMmemory chips & storage-3.11%+7.35%+14.90%-9.41%+29.24%
XOPoil & gas E&P-3.92%-1.34%+3.35%+9.27%-5.01%
Today's Sector Returns (Median Stock)
Materials tops the median-stock table on the gold-miner bid while Energy sits at the bottom as the Hormuz framework advances.
Today's Sector Returns (Median Stock)
SectorMedian Ret Pct
Energy-1.72
Information Technology-1.69
Communication Services-1.25
Industrials-0.54
Utilities-0.49
Financials-0.24
Real Estate-0.24
Consumer Discretionary0.05
Consumer Staples0.12
Health Care0.35
Materials1.43

Calm Index, Loud Single Stocks

This is the volatility regime that pays reversion. Implied single-stock volatility (Cboe VIXEQ) is at 43.5, the 93rd percentile of its own history, while implied index volatility (VIX) is at 15.8, the 37th — stress still priced name by name, not at the index. Realized data agrees on the shape: over the past twenty sessions, style variance is running at 29.8 volatility points, the 97.6th percentile since 2020, against an index leg of 12.4 points at the 26th. Twenty-day realized pairwise correlation of 8.0% remains near the bottom of its since-2020 range, where it has sat for weeks. Elevated single-stock volatility after a stress episode is precisely when short-term reversion runs hottest — and all of it is invisible from the index level alone — SPY finished -0.05%.

Realized 20-Day Volatility vs Implied — Since 2025
Realized style variance of 29.8 volatility points sits at the 97.6th percentile since 2020 while the market leg is 12.4 points at the 26.4th; implied single-stock vol is 43.48 against a VIX of 15.81.
Realized 20-Day Volatility vs Implied — Since 2025
SeriesToday Vol PtsPrev Close Vol Pts
total50.0049.49
market12.4012.59
style29.8029.92

The stock-by-stock tape does not undercut the reversal read — single stocks moving on their own stories at unusual amplitude is the environment short-term reversion feeds on — though it does keep the style block small. Stock-specific moves accounted for 83.8% of cross-sectional variance against a 66.5% one-year average, with the whole style block at 12.6%. Shopify closed +17.13% on its revenue beat and low-thirties third-quarter guidance; Eli Lilly closed +4.86%, adding $43.9B of market value on a 48% revenue jump; AMD closed -7.11% despite a record quarter, on guidance that cleared consensus but not the buy-side whisper; Insulet closed -19.98%; and Materion closed +31.43% on the biggest stock-specific move in the universe, with no driver yet visible in today's coverage. After the bell, AppLovin fell a further -21.95% having closed the regular session at -0.46%, and Western Digital dropped another -9.89% after closing -5.29%, keeping the memory-chip complex unsettled. None of that is the style axes at work. The style signal is the ordering inside the high-beta momentum group, where the week's leaders keep finishing at the bottom — the same pattern four sessions out of five.

Economic Context

The ADP National Employment Report, released at 8:15 AM ET, showed private payrolls up 44,000 in July against a 75,000 Dow Jones consensus and a revised 95,000 in June, with pay growth for job switchers at 7% — and a Dow Jones survey looking for 83,000 hires and 4.2% unemployment in Friday's official BLS report, as CNBC reported. ISM Services, released at 10:00 AM ET, printed 54.1 for July, a third consecutive month of expansion but below consensus, with new orders and employment both holding above 50.

Factor Regime Reference

Variance decomposition: live intraday — 20260805 session, bracketed against its trailing-year range. Factor returns are trailing through last close. Total cross-sectional dispersion: 88%ile of the past year.

Variance mix — % of total, today vs 1d ago vs 1-yr avg

market 28%ile style 36%ile thematic 59%ile idiosyncratic 80%ile

Today (live)
13%84%
1d ago
17%30%50%
1-yr avg
10%21%67%

Variance explained — today vs. factor's trailing-year range

Short-Term Momentum 2.46% · 94%ile Residual Volatility 3.93% · 88%ile Gold 1.34% · 89%ile Liquidity 1.15% · 84%ile One-Day Momentum 1.03% · 81%ile Treasury (Duration) 0.28% · 80%ile Morning Activity 0.19% · 80%ile Medium-Term Momentum 0.59% · 67%ile Value 0.43% · 74%ile China 0.32% · 72%ile Leverage 0.21% · 70%ile Short Interest 0.12% · 54%ile

Marker = the factor's share of today's total variance, placed in its own trailing-year range (box 25–75%ile, ticks 90%ile and max). Amber marker = unusually load-bearing today (≥90%ile of its own year). Factor name green = up today / red = down.

Correlation & dispersion — realized vs implied

Pairwise realized correlation (20d): 8.03% 3.1%ile since 2020 · 35%ile 3m

Top-500 pairwise: 10.71% 8.6%ile since 2020 · 54%ile 3m · implied (Cboe COR1M): 7.08 0.9%ile of its own history (gap +3.6pp)

Realized 20d vol (ann. pts): all stocks 50 vs VIXEQ 43 · index 12 vs VIX 16 · style factors 30 97.6%ile

20-day window (19 completed days + today); percentiles vs model history since 2020; '3m' tokens rank vs the trailing 63 trading days; definitions in Terms below. Implied prints (Cboe) are delayed ~15 min. as of 16:41 ET

Top 50 high-beta momentum names (eq-wt, since-2020 rank): -3.7% 8.6%ile · rest of market -0.4%

Trailing factor returns

FactorToday1d5d20d60d
Style-Risk
Residual Volatility-0.89% z-1.8+0.76%+1.27%-0.74%-1.53%
Beta-0.49% z-0.5+2.20%+7.60%-1.59%-3.29%
International+0.14% z+0.4-0.48%-0.81%-0.15%-1.62%
Style
Liquidity-0.58% z-2.0+0.33%+1.20%-0.37%-1.92%
Value-0.29% z-1.2-0.11%-0.19%+1.17%-0.89%
Leverage-0.21% z-1.2-0.22%-1.02%-1.41%-1.79%
Dividend Yield-0.09% z-0.5+0.14%+0.06%-0.28%-0.74%
Growth+0.11% z+0.4+0.07%+0.16%+0.56%+2.78%
Profitability-0.07% z-0.4+0.13%-0.38%+0.49%-0.64%
Size+0.12% z+0.3-0.23%+0.56%-0.57%-0.78%
Style-Momentum
Short-Term Momentum-0.76% z-2.3-0.46%-2.99%-5.81%-8.36%
One-Day Momentum-0.47% z-1.7-0.25%-0.78%+0.38%+4.14%
Medium-Term Momentum+0.35% z+1.2-0.13%-0.19%+0.19%+1.54%
Long-Term Momentum-0.51% z-0.8+0.02%+0.08%-4.40%-3.90%
Style-Positioning
Short Interest-0.16% z-0.9+0.35%-0.79%-0.71%+1.09%
Hedge-Fund Ownership+0.06% z+0.5-0.12%+0.01%-0.14%-0.22%
Style-Flow
Morning Activity+0.20% z+1.5+0.00%+0.54%+0.56%+0.04%
Short-Sale Activity-0.05% z-0.4+0.28%+0.11%+0.13%-0.23%
Thematic
Gold+0.64% z+2.0+0.24%-0.14%+0.71%-3.40%
Treasury (Duration)+0.50% z+1.5-0.23%-0.23%+1.49%+0.88%
Semiconductors-0.70% z-1.2+0.51%+0.95%-3.62%-5.33%
Oil-0.44% z-0.9-0.26%+0.73%-0.59%-2.02%
Bitcoin / Crypto-0.18% z-0.6-0.05%-0.22%-1.16%-1.10%
China-0.18% z-0.4+0.11%-0.38%+0.99%-3.24%

5/20/60d windows include today's session; 1d is the previous session.

Terms

Pairwise realized correlation. Index variance net of the weighted idiosyncratic diagonal, over the cross terms — the estimator used for implied-correlation indices. 20-day window unless noted; history since 2020.

Market variance share. The fraction of cross-sectional variance explained by the market factor — the attribution companion to pairwise correlation, not a substitute for it.

Factor z-score. Today's factor return divided by its daily-return standard deviation over ~1,600 trading days.

Conditional importance. A factor's relative share of what a tree-based fit of today's stock returns explains; sums to 100% across factors.

High-beta momentum cohort. US names above $2B market cap in the top quintile of both raw beta and 12-month momentum; membership frozen at each month's first business day. “Top 50” = the 50 strongest by combined rank.

Stock-specific (idiosyncratic) return. The part of a stock's move not explained by market, style, or thematic factors in our decomposition.

VIXEQ / DSPX / COR1M. Cboe implied indices: single-stock volatility, dispersion, and 1-month implied correlation (top-50 S&P names). Quotes delayed ~15 minutes.

Data compiled by FactorPulse AI; edited and verified by Jeff Klein. For informational purposes only. Does not constitute financial advice, an investment recommendation, or an offer to buy or sell any securities. Always consult a qualified financial professional before making investment decisions.

For more on factor construction methodology, see www.factorpulse.com/glossary.

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